The EFD was forged, and dominated by the british UKIP. Some of its partners, like the italian Lega Nord, the finnish Perussuomalaiset (PS) and the danish Dansk Folkeparti (DF) would later split into different parliamentary groups (ECR II and EFDD)

As the name suggests, the EFDD was the successor project of the EFD group. While it lost quite some rising players, as the finnish PS, the danish DF and the italian Lega (Nord), it only acquired a few new members

The EN was clearly dominated by the french MpF. Besides it, there were included only one to two representatives each of danish EU-scepticists (JuniBevægelsen, Folkebevægelsen mod EU), dutch orthodox Protestants and the north-irish UUP. ideological orientations: EU-scepticism, social value-oriented and

After ambitiuos announcements in advance ENF could only start a year after the legislative period’s beginning. But since then, it proved, apart from some FN/RN defectors, relatively stable. Not even finance scandals (FN_f) or national government involvements nor their diversely

In spring 1997, Jean-Marie Le Pen, then unrivalled leader of the french Front National (FNf), invited several party delegations from western and eastern Europe to a meeting in Paris. The loose network was already named EuroNat on this occasion. Only

The EAF is the result of longtime transnational cooperation attempts to which some meetings in Austria from 2001 on belong as well as the short-lived ITS group in 2007. The EAF was created intentionally as an alliance of exposed individuals,

The European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) is a Eurosceptic, anti-federalist political group of the European Parliament. The ECR is the parliamentary group of the European Conservatives and Reformists Party (ECR Party) European political party (formerly known as the Alliance of

The Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists (AECR) was founded in October 2009 with almost all of the then members of the ECR faction. 2016 it was renamed to ACRE, 2019 finally to ECR Party. It was initiated by the