Croatia
The last parliamentary election victory enabled the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) to form a government independently of the far-right Homeland Movement (DP). This enabled the creation of the center-right government, in which a representative of the Serbian minority is the deputy prime minister, who covers social affairs and human and minority rights. The government was trying to heal the wounds of the war, which ended in 1995. Croatian and Serbian representatives went together to commemorations on the occasion of the fall of Vukovar and Operation Storm, but also for the first time to mark the anniversary of the massacres of Serb civilians after Operation Storm.
The Far-Right of Croatia Mapped
Current Situation
Introduction
The last parliamentary election victory enabled the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) to form a government independently of the far-right Homeland Movement (DP). This enabled the creation of the center-right government, in which a representative of the Serbian minority is the deputy prime minister, who covers social affairs and human and minority rights. The government was trying to heal the wounds of the war, which ended in 1995. Croatian and Serbian representatives went together to commemorations on the occasion of the fall of Vukovar and Operation Storm, but also for the first time to mark the anniversary of the massacres of Serb civilians after Operation Storm.
The far-right, which thrives on hatred against Serbs, took control of most of the most important commemorations, such as those in Škabrnja and Vukovar, and banned with threats the arrival of Serbian representatives. In Vukovar, where the mayor is also the leader of the DP, the last anniversary of the fall of the city was marked with a big parade led by fascist paramilitaries. That was a great victory for DP, the President, the Government, and representatives of the left parties walked behind the Ustasha symbols. At the march, Hitler was saluted, and songs were sung to Ustasha commanders Jure Francetić and Rafael Boban.
Croatia entered the eurozone in 2023 at the worst possible time. Inflation in Europe was then in full swing. Energy prices skyrocketed after the start of the war in Ukraine. And merchants took advantage of the opportunity and drastically raised the prices of groceries. Eurostat has noted that Croatian February 2024 inflation is the highest in the entire Eurozone, reaching 4.8 percent. Inflation reached 10.8% in 2022 and 8.4% in 2023. The government halted energy and fuel price growth by limiting maximum prices. The prices of 30 basic groceries are also limited.
Croatia entered the Schengen borders of the EU, and Croatian border police are using violence to repel migrants trying to cross the external border of the European Union from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. The far-right uses the issue of migrants to create an atmosphere of fear even though the migrants have not harmed anyone. They demand the deployment of the army at the border, while the bodies of unknown migrants are regularly found in the border rivers.
In 2023, 160,000 foreigners were living and working in Croatia. That is twice as many as in 2021. The foreign workers are mistreated and are often exploited by their employers. The far-right immediately found in them a new scapegoat to blame for all the problems. They actively encouraged hatred, legitimizing the space for mockery, humiliation, and even violence against, which resulted in a series of attacks against migrant workers.
In recent years, foreign policy has been marked by conflict between the Government and the President of the Republic, the co-creator of foreign policy, and the army’s supreme commander. The Prime minister and the President began their political careers as Ministry of Foreign Affairs diplomats in the 90s. But when it comes to the hottest topics at the moment, they constantly come into conflict. The President opposed the training of Ukrainian soldiers in Croatia, and the Prime Minister wanted to offer the departure of the Croatian army to Ukraine. The Croatian ambassador to the UN voted against the cease-fire in Gaza without consulting the President, who also criticized the raising of the Israeli flag at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and entered into a conflict with the Israeli ambassador. While the government is doing everything according to the instructions from the EU and NATO, the President criticizes calls for Ukraine to join the NATO pact and attacks Ursula von der Leyen’s overstepping of authority during her visit to Israel.
Racist and intolerant hate speech in public discourse is escalating, with the main targets being Serbs, LGBT persons, Roma, foreign workers, and migrants. Politicians use inflammatory speech to fuel conflicts between different sections of the population, and this not only applies to extreme parties but the entire political spectrum.
Status of the far-right in the country
Political periods in Croatia can be observed in two periods: when the HDZ is in power and when the HDZ wants to be in power. When the HDZ is not in power, attempts are made to destabilize the government’s true radicalization of the political scene through the “veto players,” who are, in the Croatian case, war veterans’ organizations and the Catholic Church.
When the HDZ came to power, it regularly renounced the burden of extremists, whose leaders were silenced by positions and grants. After Andrej Plenković took over the HDZ, he vowed to turn it into a modern conservative party, free from chauvinist rhetoric. Also, his last eight years in power would not have been possible without the parliamentary support of the Independent Democratic Serb Party, SDSS, a party that represents the Serb community in Croatia.
At the 2020 parliamentary elections, most of the far-right opposition to Plenković and the HDZ is united in the newly-formed Homeland Movement party, led by nationalist singer and former HDZ MP Miroslav Škoro.
Although they achieved a very good result for the new party, which had almost 11% of the vote and 16 members of parliament, they did not gain power and position. Therefore, immediately after the election, there was a division into two parliamentary clubs, the Sovereignists and the Homeland Movement. A few months later, two more MPs left the Homeland Movement. After a heated argument, its founder, Miroslav Škoro, left the party along with his sister.
In October 2021, Croatian Sovereignists (HS) held a party congress at which the far-right parties merged: Hrast, the Croatian Conservative Party, the alt-right Generation of Renewal, many members of the Independents for Croatia, and some from the Homeland Movement.
But soon, there was also a conflict, this time over the vaccination, when the most notable Sovereignists MP Hrvoje Zekanović publicly called on people to get vaccinated and criticized the far-right for being guilty of the small number of vaccinated. So he was kicked out of the party.
For the parliamentary elections in 2024, the far-right split into several coalitions, two of which are sure to enter Parliament. The strongest coalition is the Homeland Movement and the newly founded “Pravo i Pravda” party of two MEPs Vilibor Sinčić and Mislav Kolakušič. The second coalition is that of the once conservative Most and Croatian Sovereignists.
Status of antifascists in the country
The activity of anti-fascists is at a very low level—their reduced activities surround occasional commemorations and press releases. Anti-fascist organizations are usually only heard after some of the remaining monuments to the victims of fascism and fallen fighters are destroyed and vandalized, or the local government simply removes them with the help of EU funds.
Anti-fascist activists and organizations are usually co-organizers of protests against ultra-conservative organizations and their marches and performances.
The new ultraconservative campaign “Catholic men kneeling with rosaries” on main city squares in Croatia has begun at the end of 2022 and continues every first Saturday of the month. Numerous counter-protests were organized by several feminist associations, the Workers’ Front, SDP, and youth associations in Zagreb, Šibenik and Rijeka. In Zagreb, MEP Predrag Fred Matić, who actively advocates for gender equality, also gave his support.
As a response to the “Walk for Life,” a march against abortion organized by the right in an increasing number of Croatian cities, the “Walk for Freedom,” which promotes gender equality and freedom of choice, was organized on the same day in Rijeka.
The 22nd Pride Parade of the LGBTIQ community, individuals, and rainbow families was held in Zagreb under the slogan “Together for trans rights!”. The central theme of the procession was the response to the increasing transphobia, hate speech, discrimination, and violence directed towards trans people.
There are several groups of anti-fascists. Traditional associations of anti-fascists under the SABH, the successor of the SUBNOR (Partisan Veterans Association). They are less and less active, and their membership is old. There are new anti-fascist associations of Homeland War veterans trying to reconcile anti-fascist principles and the War of Independence. The Anti-Fascist League, which was on the line of liberal anti-fascism, is less and less active. Some informal antifascist organizations are publicly presented as feminist, anarchist, and some as eco-socialist.
The biggest risk for anti-fascists is poor work with young people and not passing on knowledge and experience to new generations.
Historic developments
The far-right in Croatia is most often associated with the historical Ustashe movement; hence they have connections to Neo-Nazism and neo-fascism. The World War II political movement was an extremist organization at the time supported by the German Nazis and the Italian Fascists. The association with the Ustaše has been called “Neo-Ustashism.”
The central historical event for the extreme right is the establishment of the so-called NDH (World War II-era puppet state Independent State of Croatia), which is celebrated every year in various ways, for example, with the destruction of anti-fascist monuments.
The Ustasha genocide against Serbs, Roma, and Jews in the NDH is also a critical event. The denial of Ustasha’s crimes and the memorization of the Jasenovac death camp, which is constantly called the “Jasenovac myth” or “Jasenovac work camp,” regardless of the list of over 80,000 victims, is a constant obsession of the far right.
The surrender of the Ustashas to the Allies and the Yugoslav Army near Bleiburg (Austria) is also a critical victimological historical event. Due to the vengeful mass murders of captured fascist gangs after the surrender, the Ustashe presented themselves as fighters for independent Croatia and victims, and the Yugoslav partisans were demonized. Ustasha mythomania exaggerated the number of killed Ustashas to as many as half a million.
The Croatian War of Independence was fought from 1991 to 1995 between Croat forces loyal to the Government of Croatia—which had declared independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia —and the Serb-controlled Yugoslav People’s Army (JNA) and local Serb forces, with the JNA ending its combat operations in Croatia by 1992. In Croatia, the war is primarily referred to as the “Homeland War”.
Key events from this war are the Battle of Vukovar, during which the JNA completely destroyed the city and committed many mass crimes against prisoners and civilians, and Operation Storm, which liberated most of Croatia and expelled most Serbs from Croatia.
The Croatian Defence Forces (HOS) were the paramilitary arm of the Croatian Party of Rights (HSP) from 1991 to 1992. They fought in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. With its name, iconography, and war goals, HOS relied on the regime of the Independent State of Croatia and explicitly stated as its goal the effort to establish a Greater Croatia state, which should include Bosnia and Herzegovina and parts of today’s Serbia (Sandžak, Srijem i Bačka) and Montenegro (Boka Kotorska). The iconography of HOS and the Ustasha salute “Za dom – spremni!” (For homeland – ready!), also used by HOS, are favorite symbols of the far-right in Croatia.
International telationships
The Homeland Movement and the Croatian sovereignists in Croatia predominantly demonize the Serbian minority and flirt with the Ustasha movement. Abroad, their members have been working on much more refined work for a decade. Armed with inexhaustible sources of money, their comrades – fascists, neo-Nazis, and religious zealots – have metastasized into a serious political bloc.
Several Croatian politicians and activists were for years members of the Agenda Europe group, a lobbying network composed of several hundred of the most powerful ultra-conservative organizations and political movements, linked to the American far-right and Russian propagandists, who from 2013 to 2019 jointly worked to undermine women’s and gay rights. Rights. One of the strategists and coordinators of the entire network was Željka Markić from the Croatian anti-LGBT association “In the Name of the Family.” After some media and organizations started writing about Agenda Europe in 2018, Željka Markić coordinated the rebranding and transfer of activities to the new Vision Network group. Three still active politicians were in the group: Ladislav Ilčić, MEP from the Croatian sovereignists, and parliamentarians Stjepo Bartulica and Marijana Petir.
In September 2023, one of the largest gatherings of the extreme right in Europe was held in Dubrovnik. At the three-day event, speeches were made by members of the Italian government from the ranks of Brothers of Italy, MEPs from the Spanish party Vox, Poles from Law and Justice, and numerous other representatives of the civil and political wing of ultra-right movements. Croatia was represented by Most’s current prime ministerial candidate, Nikola Grmoja, and their MP, Nino Raspudić. The host of the whole gathering was MEP Ladislav Ilčić from the Croatian sovereignists, Most’s coalition partners. The conference called “European Congress of the Family” was organized by the political club European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR), which gathers all the parties mentioned above in Brussels. Their partner in realizing the Dubrovnik event was the International Organization for the Family, one of the most influential global networks in the field of ultraconservative activism, which, until the Russian aggression against Ukraine, was an important propaganda tool of the Putin regime in the West.
The organizers of the summit in Dubrovnik – the parties under the ECR umbrella and the International Organization for the Family – were directly or indirectly members of the Agenda Europe lobby network.
ECR is directly connected to the New Direction political foundation, which has become one of the key promoters of yesterday’s members of Agenda Europe events and goals. Marko Milanović Litre, MP of the Croatian Sovereignists, also sits in New Direction’s governing body. Last year alone, ECR and New Direction organized at least four conferences in Croatia.
Stjepo Bartulica, MP of the Homeland Movement, organized in Zagreb an international conference of ultra-conservatives, opponents of women’s and minority rights, and neoliberal extremists, and among his guests was Anna Lakó, international coordinator of the Hungarian Center for Fundamental Rights, an organization that systematically promotes Great Hungarian claims to the territory of Hungary’s neighbors and even to Croatia.
Representatives of the Acton Institute, a far-right American organization financed by oil corporations and the Koch brothers, ultraconservative billionaires, also spoke about the challenges of conservatism in Zagreb. In recent years, deniers of climate change, opponents of abortion, the welfare state, and similar topics have diverted millions to the initiatives of like-minded Europeans. They are part of the network of the Economic Research Foundation Atlas, an American libertarian organization that cooperates with more than 500 associations of the same ideological conviction.
Bartulica boasted on Twitter that he also hosted Eva Vlaardingerbroek, a Dutch far-right activist who has appeared on the Tucker Carlson Tonight program several times. She became known as an opponent of feminism, globalism, and immigration. In Croatia, she emphasized the need for “militant Christian conservatives.”
Ultraconservative campaign imported from Poland, “Catholic men kneeling with rosaries” on main city squares in Croatia, began at the end of 2022. Individuals associated with the Ordo Iuris Foundation, whose Polish version of the same name lobbied for an almost complete ban on abortion in that country, participate in the project. The organizers announced that they would pray “for the conversion of the Croatian people,” “for a life of premarital chastity, for chastity in dress and behavior, for the renewal of Catholic marriages,” “for the end of abortion,” and for “men,” with the desire to “become spiritual authorities in the family who will bravely witness and transmit the Catholic Church.” They announced, again following the example of Poland, that they would hold kneeling events in Croatia every first Saturday of the month.
Since 2015, the Despa memorial has been held on the Croatian coast in the summer, organized by Blood and Honor Croatia. Dozens of neo-Nazis from Slovenia, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Italy, Bulgaria, Austria, and Germany came to the RAC (Rock Against Communism) concerts.
Political landscape
The far-right is most openly represented in the Croatian Parliament through the Croatian Sovereignists’ Club, which has six members. In that club, we have singers of Ustasha songs, former commanders of special police units that took part in crimes against Serbian civilians, promoters of alt-right propaganda that equates belonging to the LGBT community with pedophilia, and those who want to dig up the Jasenovac death camp.
The Homeland Movement Club had eight members, four of whom can easily be described as far-right. The most famous among them is Zlatko Hasabegović, who became famous while he was the Minister of Culture for shutting down non-profit media and removing the name of Marshal Tito Square in Zagreb. In the 1990s, he participated in a violent anti-anti-fascist protest, wore a Ustasha hat worn by HOS members at NDH Day celebrations, and wrote for NDH magazine celebrating Ustashas as heroes and martyrs.
MP Ante Prkačin left the Homeland Movement at the end of 2023. and went to the newly founded party, Hrvatsko Bilo. He was the war chief of the HOS General Staff, whose unit in BiH was mentioned in the context of war crimes against civilians. He regularly uses the parliamentary rostrum to rehabilitate the Ustasha movement and spread Ustasha mythomania. Ivan Penava and Stipo Mlinaric are MPs from Vukovar, whose entire political program is reduced to spreading hatred towards Serbs.
Most project was conceived in ultra-conservative organizations such as HRAST, which fought against abortion and gay rights. They then continued to fight NGOs, non-profit media, and liberal cultural workers. Today, they also have occasional pro-Ustasha outbursts. Their MP Miro Bulj stood up to defend the Ustasha in the Parliament, where he shouted the Ustasha salute “Za dom spremni” (For homeland – ready!). Most MP Nino Raspudić suggested on public television, if necessary, the option of shooting unarmed people because they cross the border illegally. Miro Bulj then gave the idea a practical framework, proposing the establishment of armed village guards. Most MP Marin Miletić said that “Zagreb is no longer the same because thousands of Nepalese, Indian, Afghan, Pakistani, Filipino migrants flooded the city,” warning that “our Croatia will be a land of insecurity and fear full of migrant ghettos where we won’t be able to walk normally, and our women will be wrapped as if they live among the Taliban.” He added, “We are in the process of replacing the population.”
Media landscape
The Croatian weekly (Hrvatski Tjednik) systematically denies the crime of genocide committed against Jews, Roma, and Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia and the Ustasha system of the Jasenovac camp. It promotes the deniers of the Jasenovac genocide and the Holocaust. It calls for the financing of their activities, while in various ways, it affirms the Ustasha movement and the character and work of Chief Ante Pavelić.
The media have repeatedly reported on the disgusting writing of Hrvatski Tjednik. For example, they are claiming that the Social Democratic Party of Croatia is “full of potential terrorists and murderers.” Ombudsman Lora Vidovic, historian Hrvoje Klasic, IDS President Boris Miletic, and Zagreb Jewish Community president Ognjen He called Kraus and Milorad Pupovac “riders of the Greater Serbia apocalypse in Croatia”. They called the rape of a girl in Zadar a fabrication. They called former Presidents Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic “shameless,” Stjepan Mesic an “asshole,” and Pope Francis himself an “antichrist,” spreading hatred and the most obscure conspiracy theories, such as that the coronavirus is a “planetary satanic operation of biological warfare” aimed at “chipping” a vaccine to control humanity.
Since 2014, the TV show “Bujica” hosted by Velimir Bujanac has been spreading the most extreme ideas of the Croatian far-right three times a week. In the 1990s, Bujanec established himself as a fascist bully who beat people in the stands, smashed memorial plaques to NOB fighters, worshiped Hitler, burned left-wing newspapers, demolished Tito’s bust, threatened death to Serb minority and activists, expelled “niggers” from UNPROFOR (UN peacekeeping force in Croatia) and ‘dirty Jews,’ calling himself Croatian Ustasha all the time.
Thanks to the right-wing political mainstream, Bujanec will be promoted to a star of the Croatian right and an unofficial channel for most of their incitements, from war veterans protests, pro-Ustasha revisionism, attacks on Serb minorities, and anti-fascist.
Due to hate speech in the talk show Bujica on November 5, 2018, the Council for Electronic Media decided, for 24 hours, to revoke the concession of the broadcasters who broadcast the disputed show. The show called for violence against migrants. Migrants were called sick people, infected with severe and infectious diseases (AIDS, hepatitis, tuberculosis), which, according to the guest of the show, migrants deliberately spread.
Velimir Bujanec incited hate on leftists, liberals, and representatives of the Serbian minority on Facebook and in his show “Bujica” because they allegedly support Putin. But the Russian president has been praised for years as the “great gentleman,” “true Russian patriot,” and bearer of “traditional values” by the host and guests of “Bujica.” After the Russian invasion, Bujanec began to intensively promote the Ukrainian unit Azov and attack everyone who wrote critically about Azov.
In addition to Bujica and Hrvatski Tjednik, many Internet portals of the far right are constantly emerging and disappearing, which mainly spread texts, transcripts, and video clips from these two media but also produce their content full of hate speech and harassment.
Financial landscape
The Supreme Court confirmed the conviction of the Croatian Democratic Union for the Fimi-media affair, named for the private company used to channel public funds into the HDZ’s coffers. The verdict indirectly exposed the back of the far right of Croats. It has been unequivocally established that Hrvatski’s list, which is now called Hrvatski Tjednik and delivers most of the media fascism in Croatia, was also bought with looted money. Another far-right symbol, singer Marko Perkovic Thompson, received money not to sing in the far-right opposition election campaign.
The Ministry of Culture has donated 1.3 million kunas from the European Social Fund to the portal Priznajem, which openly promotes pro-Ustasha revisionism, calls Serbian returnees ‘abolished Chetniks’, NGOs ‘inhumane haters of Croatia,’ and LGBT behavior “a sign of serious illness.” The head of the association and editor-in-chief of the Priznajem portal, Hrvoje Macan, and the head of marketing and his brother Mario were also members of the pro-fascist organization Croatian National Front, which in its founding message in 2010 called for violent methods.
The World Youth Association of Croatia, which received 941 thousand kuna from the same Fund, operates per the goals and mission of the American organization World Youth Alliance. Globally, they are fighting sex education, abortion, premarital sex, and condoms. Their political sponsors claim that HIV is ‘God’s punishment for homosexuality and drug use.’ They also fiercely lobbied for the expulsion of gays from anti-discrimination documents.
Documents published on WikiLeaks show that at the end of 2013, Croatia was among the countries with the highest priority for which the CitizenGO platform decided to expand its influence and funds. That year, a referendum was held in Croatia on the constitutional definition of marriage initiated by the association of Željka Markić, In the Name of the Family.
The documents show several financial transactions with the association In the Name of the Family. Besides Željka Markić, other well-known political names in Croatia are mentioned, such as MEP Karlo Resler or Nikolina Čorak from the Ministry of Veterans and Vice Batarelo, who attended their conferences and summits.
Many associations, forums, and publications are financed by Croats outside their homeland, descendants of the Ustasha. Money for denying Ustasha crimes and demonizing anti-fascists usually comes from Australia, Germany, and Canada. The book, which denies the Jasenovac death camp and the name-by-name list of victims, “Jasenovac List – False Victims,” was financed by Ivan Hrvojić, a Croatian emigrant from Canada. Marko Franović from Sydney boasted that he finances well-known right-wing journalists and publishers Igor Vukić and Tihomir Dujmović, pseudo-historian Roman Leljak, and many other far-right deniers of Ustasha crimes and fans of nazi puppet states and Ustasha death camp commanders such as Josip Jurčević, Stjepan Lozo and Blanka Matkovic.
Reports
Quarterly Reports
Quarterly reports gives in-depth insights into the most pressing recent developments in each country.
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
A verbal attack, in broad daylight, on Zagreb’s European Square, on the delivery man Wolt and the attackers raising his right hand in the air and exclaiming “Heil Hitler” during the arrest, then in the night hours, on Ilica, a verbal and then a physical attack on two workers who then take refuge in a nearby cafe where they are attacked again, a chronicle of registered attacks in which the victims were foreign workers from India.
In both cases, the police responded and arrested the thugs. The registered attacks, both on a racial basis, open up new troubling topics for our society. There are certainly more similar racist attacks in Croatia, but the victims do not report them because of the fear they experience. The fear of foreign workers on the Croatian streets is largely the result of years of fueling the right-wing atmosphere, which reacts to every difference with anger and hatred. The problem for foreign workers is hate, speech, physical attacks, and unregulated working conditions. There will be more and more foreign workers from India, Nepal, the Philippines, and Bangladesh in the demographically declining Croatia, from which many have left for Western countries.
Professor of Sociology Dragan Bagić says: “According to some international research, for example, the European Social Survey, the attitudes of Croatian citizens towards immigrants are more positive than the average of the European Union. However, this is not because Croatian citizens are extra tolerant, but because we have not had the experience of life before and coexistence with different immigrants. Croatia is only at the beginning the process of shaping attitudes and the social atmosphere toward immigrants. We can expect a tightening of the social atmosphere, not necessarily attacks, but certainly the politicization of the issue of the status and position of immigrants. It’s just a question of when some political entrepreneur will see that opportunity and begin to problematize and politicize it in order to win political points.”
Transnational Activities & Group Interactions
On February 28, 2023, a scientific colloquium was held at the Croatian Institute of History (HIP), where Serbian historians Bojan Dimitrijević and Nemanja Dević presented their research on the topic “Bosnian Golgotha of the Chetniks in 1945”. It is a continuation of the cooperation between the revisionist and anti-communist historical institutes of Croatia and Serbia. In the last ten years, the Croatian Institute of History has issued at least 17 publications that victimize the Ustasha and demonize the communists and Yugoslavia.
Bojan Dimitrijević advocates for the rehabilitation of Serbian Nazi collaborators: Draža Mihailović, Milan Nedić, and Nikola Kalabić, and believes that collaboration with the occupier is not a crime. We know him as the co-author of the book “Ustaška vojnica” and that he likes to wear shirts with the insignia of the SS Prinz Eugen. Dimitrijević is the author of a book about the war criminal Ratko Mladić. He writes that “there is no evidence that General Mladić ordered any of his subordinates to liquidate prisoners in Srebrenica in July 1995.” Nemanja Dević mocked the Serbian aggression against Dubrovnik and compared the suffering of Ratko Mladić at the trial to the suffering of Jesus on Golgotha.
Ustasha greetings from Ukraine
Dynamo fans from Kyiv congratulated Dinamo Zagreb fans on their 37th birthday with messages on mortar shells. The original greeting card spread across social networks with the Ustasha greeting “Za dom spremni” on the middle shell. The Croatian media mostly presented the congratulation as “genius” and decided not to mention the Ustasha salute, which is banned in Croatia by the Constitutional Court.
Citations:
Cooperation between Serbian and Croatian revisionist historical institutes, Antifašistički vjesnik https://www.antifasisticki-vjesnik.org/hr/vijesti/3/Ustaskikrizniputicetnicka_/492/
Who are Dimitrijević and Dević, Antifašistički vjesnik https://www.antifasisticki-vjesnik.org/hr/vijesti/3/DimitrijeviciDevicnavisoko/493/
Man in Zagreb insults foreign deliverymen: “Here he is, niger. Fuck off. Sieg Heil”, index.hr https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/video-u-zagrebu-vrijedja-strance-niger-mars-sieg-heil/2445772.aspx?indexref=naslovnicavijestinajnovijed
Croat Detained for Posting Videos of Him Racially Abusing Foreigners, balkaninsight.com https://balkaninsight.com/2023/03/13/croat-detained-for-posting-videos-of-him-racially-abusing-foreigners/
Banner of support for the detained neo-Nazi, Novosti https://www.portalnovosti.com/pravda-za-idiota
Second racist attack, attackers immediately released from custody, Jutarnji list https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/crna-kronika/rafael-i-antun-primitivci-koji-su-napali-indijce-u-zagrebu-ekspresno-na-slobodi-evo-i-zasto-15317408
Comments on racist attacks, Novosti https://www.portalnovosti.com/rasizam-na-europskom-trgu
Ustasha greeting card on mortar shells, Novosti https://www.portalnovosti.com/ukrajinski-navijaci-boysima-cestitali-porukom-za-dom-spremni
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
Kneelers counter-protest
Campaigns of Catholic men kneeling with rosaries on main city squares in Croatia continue every first Saturday of the month. But this February, for the first time, numerous counter-protests were organized by several feminist associations, the Workers’ Front, SDP, and youth associations in Zagreb and Šibenik. In Zagreb, MEP Predrag Fred Matić, who actively advocates for gender equality, also gave his support. The supporters of women’s rights achieved symbolic victory: after a while, the “kneelers” quietly withdrew without statements.
https://www.portalnovosti.com/slozne-protiv-mraka
rans debate full of racism and hatred has arrived in Croatia
The manhunt for transgender people comes as a story from Zambia with an unlikely scenario gripping domestic politics and the public.
Eight Croatian citizens, four couples, were detained in Zambia in December. They adopted four children from the Democratic Republic of Congo. The court in Ndola initially decided to suspend the proceedings against them and that they must leave Zambia within 48 hours. At the airport, based on a tip, they were arrested again and sent back to prison. The court again allowed them to defend themselves from freedom if they posted bail, handed over their passports, and proved that they had a regulated residence. They were accused of the criminal offense of attempted child trafficking and falsification of documents. All four adopted children received Croatian citizenship in the appropriate procedure, but they were taken from their adoptive parents and placed under Zambian care.
The extreme right smelled blood after they found out that some of the arrested were members of the green-left Mozemo party and that one of the arrested was transgender. The web portal of the association In the Name of the Family started a crazy campaign during which it published 128 articles on the Zambia case in a month, 20% of the total content of the portal, of which 71 are homophobic or transphobic.
Former Živi zid MP Ivan Pernar leaked information to the Zambian police that one of the eight detainees was actually a transgender person, which could ultimately aggravate the further status of all eight Croatian citizens before the Zambian court. Pernar legitimized his “righteous” act in the right-wing and pro-Ustasta show “Bujica,” in which he boasted that he had submitted reports to the State Attorney’s Office for alleged falsification of adoption documents in the Congo. Its host, Velimir Bujanec, asked a Zambian journalist who joined the show by phone how the local authorities did not know they had arrested a transgender person. Of course, Pernar does not care about child victims of human trafficking because he is already known for his racism, and on February 10, 2023, he defended slave owners who whipped slaves in Martinique on a podcast.
The campaign of stigmatization of transgender people recently took place through the Parliament. The Committee for Family, Youth, and Sports, headed by Vesna Vučemilović, a member of the Croatian Sovereigns, at the initiative of the conservative association Hrvatska mati, decided right in the midst of the sensitive case of Zambia to hold a session on the topic of the increase in the number of transgender children and young people in Croatia, at which to everyone’s surprise, Željka Markić from the notorious association In the name of the family, psychiatrist Herman Vukušić and Ljiljana Dragić, president of the above-mentioned association, appeared as speakers, for whom this issue is not a narrow professional interest. After the initial fierce criticism and disagreement with the bringing of the aforementioned speakers, opposition members of parliamentary committees, as well as experts who have been working with transgender children for more than a decade, left the session, which then partially turned into bidding on numbers and moralizing that almost turned into insinuations and moral panic.
The ombudsman also warned in a press release about the danger of denouncing people. She stressed that the cases in which citizens make an extra effort to point out to Zambian institutions, the public, and the media that there is a transgender person among the detainees, thus potentially putting them in danger, given the position of transgender people in Zambia, are worrying. She called on citizens to refrain from racist and transphobic comments that can be humiliating or encourage stereotypes, discrimination, hatred, and violence, especially public figures whose opinions influence others.
https://www.portalnovosti.com/u-ime-hajke
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
End of ustasha currency kuna
Croatia entered the New Year with the euro as its new currency and on the other side of the Schengen border. Far-right parties mourned the kuna currency as a symbol of Croatian independence, and even more so because the kuna was clearly the link between the Republic of Croatia and the Quisling Independent State of Croatia. That is the only time in Croatian history that kuna was used as a currency. The youth of the Croatian Sovereign pasted obituaries for Kuna on the walls. And their parliamentarian “reported the Croatian National Bank and Governor Boris Vujčić to the police for destroying and belittling the Croatian kuna”
https://www.hrv.hr/vijesti/vijesti/item/30440-hrvatski-suverenisti-oprostili-su-se-od-nacionalne-valute-kune-na-konferenciji-za-medije-u-vukovaru
https://www.facebook.com/markomlitre/posts/pfbid024BzfbXQBoUKjyqnP4GGuuNyRm5dipuq4WnSaztWfy7EFeKJjECmb13qLgh6moFHnlhttps://www.facebook.com/markomlitre/posts/pfbid024BzfbXQBoUKjyqnP4GGuuNyRm5dipuq4WnSaztWfy7EFeKJjECmb13qLgh6moFHnl
European Court of Human Rights delivered a second judgment finding that Croatia is violating the human rights of refugees and other migrants
Croatia has become a full member of Schengen, although the policies towards migrants and refugees that it has been implementing for years are against the Schengen Code and domestic and international law. Border control between Croatia and other Schengen members was abolished, and Croatia became the so-called “guardian” of Schengen and the external borders of the EU in the area of the Western Balkans. On January 17th, the European Court of Human Rights issued a second verdict that establishes that Croatia violates the human rights of refugees and other migrants.
https://www.cms.hr/hr/azil-i-integracijske-politike/europski-sud-za-ljudska-prava-utvrdio-da-je-hrvatska-odgovorna-za-smrti-i-ozljede-osoba-koje-je-lisila-slobode
Homeland Movement MP sings in honor of fascist leaders.
MP of the Homeland Movement, Anto Prkačin, celebrated the New Year by singing the Ustasha march song with the verse “Jure calls, Boban roars / Ready for home, Poglavniče”. Prkačin sings in honor of the Poglavnik, Ante Pavelić, the main inspirer of the genocide in the so-called NDH, and Francetić and Boban, the commanders of the Black Legion – a unit that is remembered for the mass and savage killing of women and children.
https://www.facebook.com/antifa.sibenik/videos/1561753847656879
Transnational Activities & Group Interactions
Homeland Movement MP Marko Mlinarović Litre shared an article from The European Conservative interview with the Spanish historian Álvaro Peñas about the “Massacre in Bleiburg”. to the final surrender of the fascists seven days after the end of the war in Europe. The European Conservative is published online and as a print edition four times a year by the European Conservative Nonprofit Ltd. in Budapest, in collaboration with CEDI/EDIC in Vienna and Nazione Futura in Rome. Álvaro Peñas has published a translation of “Buried Alive. Huda Jama, Tito’s Worst Crime” by Slovenian pseudo-historian and convicted fraudster Roman Leljak, who is adored among the Croatian extreme right for denying Ustasha crimes and demonizing anti-fascists. Álvaro Peñas continues to cooperate with the Croatian extreme right, so at the end of January, he wrote an article for Sloboda hr, the alt-right Generation of Renovation web portal.
https://www.facebook.com/markomlitre/posts/pfbid0bbHx6e1oekXUQ9ModXaC9fJtD4osTJJKX3NXTaZraXwtuA3M3CjV6LYqpPk3dbG8l
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
“Udruga ujedinjenja” (Unification Association), together with “Catholic men kneeling with rosaries” in the main squares
The kneeling campaign of the extreme right continued in the main squares in Croatia. This kneeling, taken from Spain and Poland, also has special Croatian additions in the form of Croatian fascism.
On the main square of Zagreb, there was also a man who was wearing a scarf of the extreme right party HSP over his face and was wrapped in a modified flag of quisling Croatia, on which the Ustasha symbols were visible, but inside the Ustasha symbol in black letters was written “Udruga ujedinjenja” (Unification Association).
On the Facebook page “Unification Association,” it is stated that the goal of the association is “Croatian unity with God,” and on the cover image is the Ustasha coat of arms and the inscription of the Ustasha terrorists “For home and Christ against the communists.”
On their Facebook page, you can also see footage from the association’s premises, whose walls are decorated with portraits of Ustasha criminals Jura Francetić and Ante Pavelić, as well as various Ustasha memorabilia.
They are led by Darko Majstorović, who claims in posts on Facebook that he is a war invalid. The association was created during the wave of anti-vaxxer protests. Members of the organization, which is led by members of the HOS pro-Ustasha units from the war, were at the massive anti-vaxxer protest on Ban Jelačić Square. They also stood in the front rows at the protests held this September when the police detained a minor who had Molotov cocktails. When praying, the rosaries in the center of Zagreb are always in the second or third row. They are distinguished from the others by the images of Our Lady that they hold. And by the Ustasha symbols that can be seen on the kneeling Majstorović.
But he is not an exception. At the press conference announcing the establishment of the association, the leadership said that their task was to “defend Croatia from non-Croats who work against Croatia”. Majstorović said that after the war, “Udbas, Yugoslavs and Serbs” came to power and that as an association, “it is not in their interest to defend Yugoslavia and the Serbs.”
In the photo above, we see Majstorović saluting with the Nazi salute in a T-shirt with the inscription “Young Ustasha.”
Among other things, Majstorović participated in collecting signatures for the broadcast of Jakov Sedlar’s fascist film about the Jasenovac camp.
Transnational Activities & Group Interactions
The organizers of the coup in Germany bought weapons in Croatia.
The far-right group gathered around the ‘Reichsburger’ movement was linked to Croatia through an investigation into arms smuggling. One of its members, Aleksandr Reichl, lived in Croatia, where he settled after marrying a Croatian woman. The action of acquiring weapons, among other things for Reichsbürger, was prevented by the Croatian police, and in a joint international action with the German police, dozens of people were arrested, including Croatian citizens, who were convicted in both Croatian and German courts. Moreover, it was established that part of the weapons, which this group acquired, were used in Germany for the liquidation of political opponents of the right-wing.
Reichl, a former German customs official, was first a member of the radical right-wing National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD), and in 2016 he joined the right-wing Alternative for Germany (AFD) party but also connected with the Reichsbürgers from Upper Bavaria. At the beginning of 2018, the Croatian police obtained information that Reichl was buying large quantities of military weapons left over from the war in Croatia and that, with the help of a few helpers, he was transporting them to Germany, where these weapons were distributed to members of right-wing groups, including Reichsbürgers.
In cooperation with the German police, a secret investigation was launched, and telephone conversations with the suspects were recorded, from which it appears that they arranged the purchase of automatic rifles, snipers, pistols, short machine guns, hand grenades, and shotguns. A total of 16 people were arrested in Croatia, and on the basis of the indictment, they were accused of procuring weapons for Reichl. Most of the defendants were sentenced based on plea bargains to conditional and unconditional prison sentences.
On the basis of a German European arrest warrant, Reichl was arrested in the area of Zadar in the summer of 2020 and extradited to Germany. After a one-year trial, Reichl, as well as Croatian citizen Martin M. and Reichsbürger Christian Neureuther, were found guilty by default at the court in Munich in June of this year. Reichl was sentenced to four years and three months in prison.
Citations:
Index.hr, Gordan Duhaček: Tko stoji iza klečavaca na Trgu bana Jelačića?
Novosti, Hrvoje Šimičević: Ekstremisti na koljenima
Jutarnji list, Marin Dešković: Organizatori puča u Njemačkoj kupovali oružje u Hrvatskoj: ‘Aleksander je imao ženu u Zadru…‘
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
Planned terrorist attacks because of epidemiological measures
53-year-old Drazen Kostan from Sibenik was charged with planning terrorist attacks. The police and the state attorney’s office believe Kostan planned attacks on many people: politicians, judges, doctors, scientists, journalists, and various institutions. Kostan was arrested in March 2022 and then suspected of robbery, the elements of a more serious crime appeared later in the investigation. He was collecting various information about the people he planned to attack, and the police took the threat seriously because an impressive arsenal of firearms and military equipment was found in Kostan’s possession, including pistols, hand grenades, a machine gun with a sound suppressor and laser aiming, a hand-held rocket launcher.
Kostan intended to commit the terrorist attacks he is accused of planning because of his views on the Covid-19 pandemic, i.e. the epidemiological measures that were introduced to make it difficult for the SARS-CoV-2 virus to spread. On his Facebook profile, Kostan often shared disinformation and conspiracy theories related to the pandemic, epidemiological measures, and vaccination against Covid-19. He spread the lies of the Russian regime about the war in Ukraine, glorified Vladimir Putin, and spread disinformation propagated by the QAnon community, as well as claims of the globally well-known conspiracy theorist David Icke and his domestic counterpart Kresimir Misak.
According to the attorney’s office, the defendant downloaded several videos via the Internet and applications of Marko Francišković, at public meetings held at the end of 2021, in several cities in Croatia, calling on citizens to overthrow the current political government. Marko Francišković was recently released from pre-trial detention after the court, on several occasions, did not confirm the indictment brought against him for inciting terrorism.
Transnational Activities & Group Interactions
New ultraconservative campaign imported from Poland
Campaigns of Catholic men kneeling with rosaries on main city squares in Croatia have begun. This is the basis of the project of the influential ultra-conservative association Croatia for Life, whose activities are regularly financed by the Ivić Pašalić Rhema Foundation. Individuals associated with the Ordo Iuris Foundation, whose Polish version of the same name lobbied for an almost complete ban on abortion in that country, also participate in the project. This well-connected group of fanatical activists whose prominent protagonists spread the idea that a woman should give birth even if she is raped, who link abortion to Nazism, and who have been begging in front of public hospitals and health centers for years. At the same time, they imported the custom of men kneeling while praying in public space from influential activists from Poland, who designed this ritual as activist resistance to the gay parade, LGBT “propaganda,” the “invasion” of Muslim migrants, and the secular state.
Like all other campaigns of Catholic activists of the new type in Croatia, this one was imported from abroad. The first kneeling men were noticed in 2009 in Warsaw. The gathering was designed by the Polish extreme right association Piotr Skarga, the founder of Ordo Iuris, a think-tank with enormous political power in that country. According to the statement of Maciej Maleszyk from the Piotr Skarga association, the first gathering in 2009 was organized against the gay parade in Poland. On the occasion of the centenary of the Fatima “apparitions” of Our Lady, in 2017, they repeated the ritual. The practice, now organized by various far-right organizations and the Catholic Church, spread to Poland and then, in 2019, to the world. One of the most important gatherings took place in the town of Przemyśl, at the instigation of the town councilor Dariusz Lasek, in agreement with the local bishop Stanisław Jamrozek. A few months ago, Lasek stated that the gathering of men with crowns in public from the beginning to this day is actually a gesture against “various deviations hidden under the acronym LGBT+” and the “rainbow plague”, which, according to his knowledge, also promotes pedophilia. He said that their task is to stop the mentioned “filth” from entering Poland – the last bastion of Christianity in Europe. To this day, the men there pray the rosary on their knees against the standards of the World Health Organization in raising children. In 2019, Lasek pushed a decision to stop LGBT “propaganda” in the area of their local self-government in the Przemyśl council. The decision, as in other Polish cities, attracted global media attention and the expected reaction of Europe. When they realized that stopping “gay indoctrination” could cost them millions from the common EU budget, they withdrew that decision, unfortunately for Lasek, one of the important individuals for the popularization of prayer kneeling in Poland, Croatia, and the world.
The original initiators of the idea of kneeling from the Piotr Skarge association in the Polish-Croatian public are interesting because they co-founded the Vigilare Foundation, headed by John Vice Batarelo, who was also at the prayer in Zagreb. Prominent individuals from the Croatian version of the Ordo Iuris are intimately involved in this project here. Their Croatian lawyer, Filip Đekić, is the deputy editor of the portal Muževni Budite (“Be a Man”). He is one of the initiators of the initiative 40 days for life in Croatia and the coordinator of the Walk for Life in Zagreb 2019.
The organizers announced that they would pray “for the conversion of the Croatian people,” “for a life of premarital chastity, for chastity in dress and behavior, for the renewal of Catholic marriages,” “for the end of abortion,” and for “men,” with the desire to “become spiritual authorities in the family who will bravely witness and transmit the Catholic Church.” The previous prayers in public spaces are just the beginning. They announced, again following the example of Poland, that they will hold kneeling events in Croatia every first Saturday of the month.
The Croatian diaspora from Australia finances the revision of history
A new far-right “Association for the Promotion of the Truth about Croatian History” appeared. The president is a former HDZ candidate in the Croatian presidential election, Andrija Hebrang, the vice president is the well-known Holocaust denier Igor Vukić, and the secretary is another far-right journalist, Tihomir Dujmović.
The work of the new association is financed by Marko Franović, a Croatian emigrant from Sydney, who offered ten million kunas to the person who will “debunk the myth of Jasenovac.” By his own admission, Franović also financed the work of the Slovenian pseudo-historian Roman Leljak, who until a few years ago was the main revisionist star in Croatia, and at one time also financed the presidential election campaign of Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović.
In his public statements, Franović claims that 1991 was a repeat of 1941, that Yugoslavians and the sons and grandsons of butchers are in power in Croatia, that the government is actually arming Serbs in Croatia by financing the Serbian minority, that Serbs hate everything that is not Serbian, that they are genocidal. people and that Jasenovac was a labor camp. As he said last year, he already sent the first million HRK to his homeland to gather far-right historians such as Josip Jurčević, Stjepan Loza, Blanka Matković, and researchers Vukić, Leljak, and others to organize scientific meetings against the official historical narrative.
BIRN investigates the Croatian branch of Blood and Honour
BIRN has been able to link four men with the Croatian branch of Blood and Honour. The organization meets in secrecy, nurturing ties with affiliates in other countries and discussing the ideology behind hidden profiles on social media and closed channels on messaging apps. They call for a “clean Croatia” and promote hatred towards migrants.
But this summer, two men, visitors to Rijeka, briefly lifted the veil of secrecy when they posed for a photo on Kantrida beach, bare-chested and showing off tattoos of swastikas, the SS Totenkopf death head and, on one of the men, the face of Adolf Hitler.
Anti-fascist activists identified one of the men as a guitarist affiliated with the Hungarian branch of Blood and Honour and, in doing so, managed to name a member of the Croatian branch too.
BIRN made contact with Patrik Vidmar in Rijeka. Vidmar’s Facebook profile was recently deleted, but BIRN found him tagged in a photo on Facebook showing a group of men on their way to a right-wing concert in Italy. In the photo, Vidmar is sitting beneath flags of Blood and Honour and ‘Skinheads Croatia’.
The second one is Bojan Mohoric, BIRN has found that Mohoric published photos in 2020 with a flag of the Croatian branch of Blood and Honour on his Twitter profile. According to Croatia’s official registry of associations, Mohoric is the founder of the Nevera Cultural Identity Society. At the association’s registered address in Rijeka, BIRN found Marko Turkalj, a musician from Zagreb who confirmed that the association was registered at his home address. He said that Mohoric lived in the same building but was on vacation. Mohoric’s association shares the same goals as the Croatian branch of Blood and Honour, namely the promotion of Croatian and ‘European’ identity. It claims on its website to act within the ideological framework of Croatian nationalism and European ‘identitarianism,’ a movement that argues white Europeans are being displaced by foreign immigrants. In late October, BIRN found Mohoric at a debate on the rise of the right at a café in Rijeka, sitting across from Patrik.
Another neo-Nazi concertgoer is Hrvoje Pavlicic, who posted a photo from a Blood and Honour concert last year. After being contacted by BIRN, Pavlicic removed the photo and a number of others posts and then blocked the BIRN reporters on Facebook. In his social media activity, Pavlicic has expressed hatred of migrants and other minorities. Pavlicic’s profiler also previously featured a photo depicting knights primed for battle with the hashtag #refugeeswelcome. Pavlicic is a member of the Order of the Silver Dragon, a Croatian association dedicated to the preservation of ancient customs, beliefs, and crafts. Another of Pavlicic’s photos shows him in a t-shirt with the words ‘White Pride Worldwide’ written around a Celtic cross, a common white supremacy symbol; another shows him among a group of people beneath confederate flags and the slogan ‘Rock against Communism,’ the name given to a series of right-wing concerts held in Croatia.
In Osijek, eastern Croatia, BIRN tracked down another member of Blood and Honour to a tattoo studio called Mad Arts but also known as Mosquito. The owner, Josip Mujcinovic, has a photo on his Facebook page showing him in a shirt featuring the words ‘Blood and Honour Croatia.’ His studio offers tattoos of the Black Sun, a well-known neo-Nazi symbol. Outside the studio, Mujcinovic told BIRN he did not have time to talk. He had the number 88 tattooed on his neck. After the encounter, Mujcinovic deleted photos showing him in the company of individuals in Black Sun t-shirts; his own shirt bore the word ‘Defend,’ widely used among rightists to mean ‘Defend Europe.’
Citations:
The police and DORH did not inform journalists that they were targeted by an alleged terrorist https://seecheck.org/index.php/2022/11/24/the-police-and-dorh-did-not-inform-the-journalists-that-they-were-the-target-of-the-alleged-terrorist/
Hrvoje Šimićević in Novosti about new ultraconservative campaign imported from Poland https://www.portalnovosti.com/s-koljena-na-koljeno
Manipulacija kozaračkom djecom https://www.portalnovosti.com/manipulacija-kozarackom-djecom
Music Mobilisation: The Concerts Connecting Neo-Nazis in Croatia https://balkaninsight.com/2022/11/14/music-mobilisation-the-concerts-connecting-neo-nazis-in-croatia/
Introduction & Updates in National Landscape
One of the major topics was the elections in Italy. Giorgia Meloni, who in the past praised Mussolini and said that Dalmatia and Istria should return to Italy, became the new prime minister there. Earlier this year, she published a status about Josip Broz Tito. In a post from February, she wrote that it is absurd to honor someone who is responsible for the massacre of Italians. And demanded that Tito be stripped of the orders of the Italian Republic. In Italy, after the breakup of Yugoslavia, the fascists crimes during the occupation were forgotten, and Italian losses are repeatedly exaggerated and compared to the Holocaust.
Many Croatian far-right politicians and activists of prominent far-right organizations and groups congratulated the Italian neo-fascists on their excellent election results. The unspoken logic is impeccably nationalist: although they still consider Istria and Dalmatia to be Italian territories, and although in the 1990s in Belgrade they negotiated the dismemberment of Croatia, the future work of their fascist neighbours should be welcomed because they share with their Croatian fellow soldiers a hatred of women, LGBTQ + persons, and other races.
Transnational Activities & Group Interactions
Željka Markić, president of the Croatian right-wing movement** In the Name of Family, was together with Giorga Meloni at the World Congress of Families in Verona in 2019. She sat there in the front row and gave a speech. At a similar meeting held in Rome in 2020, where both Meloni and Orbán made an appearance, as well as **Homeland Movement representative Stjepo Bartulica. The National Conservatism Conference, organized by the American Edmund Burke Foundation, is an annual gathering that has become a key meeting place for the new global far right. Although they strive to radiate freshness, their ideas are ancient and banal.
Ladislav Iličić, vice-president of the Croatian Sovereigns and member of the European Parliament, boasted on his Facebook profile about his conversation with Jordan B Peterson. He introduced him as: “one of the most influential thinkers today whose lucidity, wisdom and rhetoric help preserve order in a world of chaos. We discussed how to promote common sense thoughts in an environment that is not prone to such thoughts.”
Citations:
The new Italian prime minister wants Istria and Dalmatia and hates Tito https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/nova-talijanska-premijerka-mrzi-tita/2398081.aspx
Giorgia Meloni Is a Global Phenomenon https://antifascist-europe.org/italy/giorgia-meloni-is-a-global-phenomenon/
Ladislav Iličić facebook picture with Jordan B Peterson https://www.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=pfbid0fzSSXUQnTCfF1dCJPqj3qDrnbYkSh7KJ2GPqRtUhNveKSeYZG9vGcbkQ8BoZ8RjJl&id=100064042932415
Analysis
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